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New York is the most populous city in the United States of America[10] and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world.[11][12][13] The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York[14] to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part.[15] A global power city,[16] New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters,[17] New York is an important center for international diplomacy[18] and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.[19]
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors,[20] New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a state county.[21] The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898.[22][23] With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910[24] distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2),[25][26][27] New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States.[28] As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.[29] The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2),[30][31] and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.[32]
New York traces its roots to its 1624 founding as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic, and was named New Amsterdam in 1626.[33] The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664[34][35] and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York.[36][37] New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790.[38] It has been the country's largest city since 1790.[39] The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to America by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries[40] and is a globally recognized symbol of the United States and its democracy.[41]Источник: