man sudo

Ответ от Hubert J. Farnsworth[гуру]
$ man sudo
-i, --login
Run the shell specified by the target user's password database entry as a login shell. This means that login-specific resource files such as .profile or .login will be
read by the shell. If a command is specified, it is passed to the shell for execution via the shell's -c option. If no command is specified, an interactive shell is
executed. sudo attempts to change to that user's home directory before running the shell. The command is run with an environment similar to the one a user would
receive at log in. The Command Environment section in the sudoers(5) manual documents how the -i option affects the environment in which a command is run when the
sudoers policy is in use.
(В man-е надо искать в первую очередь, а не в инетах)