технические тексты на английском языке

Ответ от Ўлия Щенявская[гуру]
1.Automation is the application of machines to tasks once performed by human beings or to tasks that would otherwise be impossible. Although the term mechanisation is often used to refer to the simple replacement of human labour by machines, automation generally implies the integration of machines into a self-governing system. There is scarcely an aspect of modern life that has been unaffected by automation. 2.The term automation appeared in the automobile industry about 1946 to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechinized production lines. The term is used widely in a manufacturing context, but is also applied outside manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence. 3.Automation can be defined as a technology concerned with performing a process by means of programmed commands combined with automatic feedback control to ensure proper execution of the instructions. The resulting system is capable of operating without human intervention. The development of this technology greatly depends on the use of computers and computer-related technologies. Consequently, automated systems are becoming more sophisticated and complex. 4.Automation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have developed from it and have achieved a recognition and status of their own. Robots is one of those technologies. It is a specialized branch of automation in which the automated machine possesses certain humanlike characteristics. The most typical humanlike characteristic of a modern industrial robot is its powered mechanical arm. The robot’s arm can be programmed to perform useful tasks, such as loading and unloading parts at a production machine or making a sequence of spot-welds on the sheet-metal parts of an automobile body during assembly.